A mutation is a permanent change in DNA that arises by chance.
There are two (2) types of mutation: 1. Gene (Point Mutation) - change in nucleotide sequence. 2. Chromosome - mutations that affect multiple genes and chromosomes. Whole chromosomes can be added or deleted.
Most mutations are minor.
Very few mutations are helpful. Many mutations are lethal.
Lets try it out!
Safety Rules
Safety is important because YOU are important!
If you act in a way that endangers yourself or another student then you will not participate in the practical.
1. No throwing or running with the equipment; 2. No taping/tying anyone if they do not want to be taped/tied; 3. No misuse of equipment.
Practical
You will be working in groups of three (3) selected by me. Each group will draw a letter from the Mutation Bag.
Try to create the Mutation on one group member. That group member will also participate in a time trial to collect food (marbles).
After your group has participated in a time trial you must record your time on the whiteboard and decide if the mutation was helpful or lethal.
Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document.
Class Discussion Questions
1. Which mutation caused the greatest delay in acquiring food (marbles)?
2. What effect would this mutation have on the population?
Causes of Mutation
Do Mutations contribute to genetic diversity?
1. Mutations lead to genetic variation by producing random changes in the genetic code (DNA). They can create new arrangements of genetic material within a species (as a result of sexual reproduction).
2. Not all mutations are inherited by offspring. In most cases mutations increase genetic variation, but only if they propagate to later generations. If the mutation is beneficial, then it can be passed down to its offspring and this leads to genetic variation in the population. A beneficial mutation means that the organism is more likely to survive and pass the mutated genetic information to it's offspring.